Tuberculosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It's a serious global health issue, particularly in developing countries. TB spreads through airborne particles when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks, making it highly contagious.

 Causes and Risk Factors

The primary cause of tuberculosis is the inhalation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Certain factors increase the risk of contracting TB, including weakened immune systems, close contact with someone who has TB, living in or traveling to areas with high TB prevalence, and having underlying medical conditions like HIV.

 Symptoms of Tuberculosis

TB symptoms can be latent or active. Latent TB means the bacteria are in the body but inactive, causing no symptoms and not being contagious. However, it can activate later. Active TB presents with symptoms such as:

- Persistent cough lasting more than three weeks

- Chest pain